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CVE-2016-3081

HIGHCVSS 3.1 · 8.1 · NIST NVD

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method: prefix, related to chained expressions.

CISA KEV: known exploited

Added: 2026-10-08 · Due: 2026-10-11

Known ransomware use: Unknown

EPSS: 96.53% · Percentile: 99.9%

As of 2026-10-27

EPSS estimates exploitation probability over the next 30 days. KEV due dates apply to US federal civilian agencies. Confirm your affected versions in vendor advisories.

CWE: CWE-77 · Published: 2016-04-26T14:59:02.207 · Modified: 2026-10-09T14:43:05.703

Sources: NIST NVD, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS. NVD and EPSS cached up to 6 hours; KEV up to 12 hours.

All CVSS assessments
  • CVSS 3.1: 8.1 (HIGH) · NIST NVD
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • CVSS 3.1: 8.1 (HIGH) · 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • CVSS 2.0: 9.3 (HIGH) · NIST NVD
    AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

References and fixes